| <head> |
| <title>map(1) - Plan 9 from User Space</title> |
| <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv=Content-Type> |
| </head> |
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| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=100%> |
| <tr height=10><td> |
| <tr><td width=20><td> |
| <tr><td width=20><td><b>MAP(1)</b><td align=right><b>MAP(1)</b> |
| <tr><td width=20><td colspan=2> |
| <br> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>NAME </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| map, mapdemo, mapd – draw maps on various projections<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>SYNOPSIS </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>map</font></tt> <i>projection</i> [ <i>option ...</i> ] |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>mapdemo |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| </font></tt> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>DESCRIPTION </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <i>Map</i> prepares on the standard output a map suitable for display |
| by any plotting filter described in <a href="../man1/plot.html"><i>plot</i>(1)</a>. A menu of projections |
| is produced in response to an unknown <i>projection</i>. <i>Mapdemo</i> is a |
| short course in mapping. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| The default data for <i>map</i> are world shorelines. Option <tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt> accesses |
| more detailed data classified by feature.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt> [ <i>feature</i> ... ]<br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Features are ranked 1 (default) to 4 from major to minor. Higher-numbered |
| ranks include all lower-numbered ones. Features are<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>shore</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>4</font></tt>] seacoasts, lakes, and islands; option <tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt> always shows |
| <tt><font size=+1>shore1<br> |
| ilake</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>2</font></tt>] intermittent lakes<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>river</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>4</font></tt>] rivers<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>iriver</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>] intermittent rivers<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>canal</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>]<tt><font size=+1> 3</font></tt>=irrigation canals<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>glacier<br> |
| iceshelf</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>12</font></tt>]<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>reef<br> |
| saltpan</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>12</font></tt>]<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>country</font></tt>[<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt>-<tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>]<tt><font size=+1> 2</font></tt>=disputed boundaries, <tt><font size=+1>3</font></tt>=indefinite boundaries<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>state</font></tt> states and provinces (US and Canada only)<br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| |
| </table> |
| In other options coordinates are in degrees, with north latitude |
| and west longitude counted as positive.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> <i>S N E W<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Set the southern and northern latitude and the eastern and western |
| longitude limits. Missing arguments are filled out from the list |
| –90, 90, –180, 180, or lesser limits suitable to the projection |
| at hand.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−k</font></tt> <i>S N E W<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Set the scale as if for a map with limits <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> <i>S N E W</i> . Do not |
| consider any <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt> option in setting scale.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−o</font></tt> <i>lat lon rot<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Orient the map in a nonstandard position. Imagine a transparent |
| gridded sphere around the globe. Turn the overlay about the North |
| Pole so that the Prime Meridian (longitude 0) of the overlay coincides |
| with meridian <i>lon</i> on the globe. Then tilt the North Pole of the |
| overlay along its Prime Meridian to latitude <i>lat |
| </i>on the globe. Finally again turn the overlay about its ‘North |
| Pole’ so that its Prime Meridian coincides with the previous position |
| of meridian <i>rot</i>. Project the map in the standard form appropriate |
| to the overlay, but presenting information from the underlying |
| globe. Missing arguments are filled out from the list |
| 90, 0, 0. In the absence of <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt>o<tt><font size=+1>,</font></tt> the orientation is 90, 0, <i>m</i>, where |
| <i>m</i> is the middle of the longitude range.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt> <i>S N E W<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Window the map by the specified latitudes and longitudes in the |
| tilted, rotated coordinate system. Missing arguments are filled |
| out from the list –90, 90, –180, 180. (It is wise to give an encompassing |
| <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> option with <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt>. Otherwise for small windows computing time |
| varies inversely with area!) |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−d</font></tt> <i>n</i> For speed, plot only every <i>n</i>th point.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−r</font></tt> Reverse left and right (good for star charts and inside-out |
| views).<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−v</font></tt> Verso. Switch to a normally suppressed sheet of the map, such |
| as the back side of the earth in orthographic projection.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−s1<br> |
| −s2</font></tt> Superpose; outputs for a <tt><font size=+1>−s1</font></tt> map (no closing) and a <tt><font size=+1>−s2</font></tt> map |
| (no opening) may be concatenated.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−g</font></tt> <i>dlat dlon res<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Grid spacings are <i>dlat</i>, <i>dlon</i>. Zero spacing means no grid. Missing |
| <i>dlat</i> is taken to be zero. Missing <i>dlon</i> is taken the same as <i>dlat</i>. |
| Grid lines are drawn to a resolution of <i>res</i> (2° or less by default). |
| In the absence of <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt>g<tt><font size=+1>,</font></tt> grid spacing is 10°.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−p</font></tt> <i>lat lon extent<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Position the point <i>lat, lon</i> at the center of the plotting area. |
| Scale the map so that the height (and width) of the nominal plotting |
| area is <i>extent</i> times the size of one degree of latitude at the |
| center. By default maps are scaled and positioned to fit within |
| the plotting area. An <i>extent</i> overrides option <tt><font size=+1>−k</font></tt>. |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−c</font></tt> <i>x y rot<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| After all other positioning and scaling operations have been performed, |
| rotate the image <i>rot</i> degrees counterclockwise about the center |
| and move the center to position <i>x</i>, <i>y</i>, where the nominal plotting |
| area is –1≤<i>x</i>≤1, –1≤<i>y</i>≤1. Missing arguments are taken to be 0. <tt><font size=+1>−x</font></tt> Allow |
| the map to extend outside the |
| nominal plotting area.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−m</font></tt> [ <i>file</i> ... ]<br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Use map data from named files. If no files are named, omit map |
| data. Names that do not exist as pathnames are looked up in a |
| standard directory, which contains, in addition to the data for |
| <tt><font size=+1>−f</font></tt>,<br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>world</font></tt> World Data Bank I (default)<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>states</font></tt> US map from Census Bureau<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>counties</font></tt> US map from Census Bureau<br> |
| The environment variables <tt><font size=+1>MAP</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>MAPDIR</font></tt> change the default map |
| and default directory.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−b</font></tt> [<i>lat0 lon0 lat1 lon1</i>... ]<br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Suppress the drawing of the normal boundary (defined by options |
| <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt>). Coordinates, if present, define the vertices of a |
| polygon to which the map is clipped. If only two vertices are |
| given, they are taken to be the diagonal of a rectangle. To draw |
| the polygon, give its vertices as a <tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> track. |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> <i>file ...<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| The <i>files</i> contain lists of points, given as latitude-longitude |
| pairs in degrees. If the first file is named <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt>, the standard input |
| is taken instead. The points of each list are plotted as connected |
| ‘tracks’.<br> |
| Points in a track file may be followed by label strings. A label |
| breaks the track. A label may be prefixed by <tt><font size=+1>"</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt>, or <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> and is |
| terminated by a newline. An unprefixed string or a string prefixed |
| with <tt><font size=+1>"</font></tt> is displayed at the designated point. The first word of |
| a <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> string names a special symbol (see option <tt><font size=+1>−y</font></tt>). |
| An optional numerical second word is a scale factor for the size |
| of the symbol, 1 by default. A <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt> symbol is aligned with its top |
| to the north; a <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> symbol is aligned vertically on the page.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> <i>file ...<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Same as <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt>, except the tracks are unbroken lines. (<tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> tracks appear |
| as dot-dashed lines if the plotting filter supports them.)<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>−y</font></tt> <i>file<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| The <i>file</i> contains <a href="../man7/plot.html"><i>plot</i>(7)</a>-style data for <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>!</font></tt> labels in <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> or |
| <tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> files. Each symbol is defined by a comment <tt><font size=+1>:</font></tt><i>name</i> then a sequence |
| of <tt><font size=+1>m</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>v</font></tt> commands. Coordinates (0,0) fall on the plotting point. |
| Default scaling is as if the nominal plotting range were <tt><font size=+1>ra −1 |
| −1 1 1</font></tt>; <tt><font size=+1>ra</font></tt> commands in <i>file</i> change the |
| scaling.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>Projections </b></font><br> |
| Equatorial projections centered on the Prime Meridian (longitude |
| 0). Parallels are straight horizontal lines. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>mercator</font></tt> equally spaced straight meridians, conformal, straight |
| compass courses<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>sinusoidal</font></tt> equally spaced parallels, equal-area, same as <tt><font size=+1>bonne |
| 0</font></tt>.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>cylequalarea</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced straight meridians, equal-area, |
| true scale on <i>lat0<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>cylindrical</font></tt> central projection on tangent cylinder<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>rectangular</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced parallels, equally spaced straight |
| meridians, true scale on <i>lat0<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>gall</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> parallels spaced stereographically on prime meridian, |
| equally spaced straight meridians, true scale on <i>lat0<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>mollweide</font></tt> (homalographic) equal-area, hemisphere is a circle<br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>gilbert()</font></tt> sphere conformally mapped on hemisphere and viewed orthographically<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>gilbert</font></tt> globe mapped conformally on hemisphere, viewed orthographically |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| Azimuthal projections centered on the North Pole. Parallels are |
| concentric circles. Meridians are equally spaced radial lines. |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>azequidistant</font></tt> equally spaced parallels, true distances from pole<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>azequalarea</font></tt> equal-area<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>gnomonic</font></tt> central projection on tangent plane, straight great circles<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>perspective</font></tt> <i>dist</i> viewed along earth’s axis <i>dist</i> earth radii from |
| center of earth<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>orthographic</font></tt> viewed from infinity<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>stereographic</font></tt> conformal, projected from opposite pole<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>laue</font></tt><i>radius</i> = tan(2×<i>colatitude</i>), used in X-ray crystallography<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>fisheye</font></tt> <i>n</i> stereographic seen from just inside medium with refractive |
| index <i>n<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>newyorker</font></tt> <i>rradius</i> = log(<i>colatitude</i>/<i>r</i>): <i>New Yorker</i> map from viewing |
| pedestal of radius <i>r</i> degrees |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| Polar conic projections symmetric about the Prime Meridian. Parallels |
| are segments of concentric circles. Except in the Bonne projection, |
| meridians are equally spaced radial lines orthogonal to the parallels. |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>conic</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> central projection on cone tangent at <i>lat0<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>simpleconic</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| equally spaced parallels, true scale on <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1<br> |
| </i> |
| </table> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>lambert</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1</i> conformal, true scale on <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>albers</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1</i> equal-area, true scale on <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>bonne</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced parallels, equal-area, parallel <i>lat0</i> |
| developed from tangent cone |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| Projections with bilateral symmetry about the Prime Meridian and |
| the equator. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>polyconic</font></tt> parallels developed from tangent cones, equally spaced |
| along Prime Meridian<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>aitoff</font></tt> equal-area projection of globe onto 2-to-1 ellipse, based |
| on <i>azequalarea<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>lagrange</font></tt> conformal, maps whole sphere into a circle<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>bicentric</font></tt> <i>lon0</i> points plotted at true azimuth from two centers |
| on the equator at longitudes <i>±lon0</i>, great circles are straight |
| lines (a stretched <i>gnomonic</i> )<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>elliptic</font></tt> <i>lon0</i> points plotted at true distance from two centers |
| on the equator at longitudes <i>±lon0<br> |
| </i><tt><font size=+1>globular</font></tt> hemisphere is circle, circular arc meridians equally spaced |
| on equator, circular arc parallels equally spaced on 0- and 90-degree |
| meridians<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>vandergrinten</font></tt> sphere is circle, meridians as in <i>globular</i>, circular |
| arc parallels resemble <i>mercator |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| </i> |
| Doubly periodic conformal projections. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>guyou</font></tt> W and E hemispheres are square<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>square</font></tt> world is square with Poles at diagonally opposite corners<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>tetra</font></tt> map on tetrahedron with edge tangent to Prime Meridian at |
| S Pole, unfolded into equilateral triangle<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>hex</font></tt> world is hexagon centered on N Pole, N and S hemispheres are |
| equilateral triangles |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| Miscellaneous projections. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>harrison</font></tt> <i>dist angle</i>oblique perspective from above the North Pole, |
| <i>dist</i> earth radii from center of earth, looking along the Date |
| Line <i>angle</i> degrees off vertical<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>trapezoidal</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1<br> |
| </i> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| equally spaced parallels, straight meridians equally spaced along |
| parallels, true scale at <i>lat0</i> and <i>lat1</i> on Prime Meridian<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>lune(lat,angle)</font></tt> conformal, polar cap above latitude <i>lat</i> maps to |
| convex lune with given <i>angle</i> at 90°E and 90°W |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| </table> |
| Retroazimuthal projections. At every point the angle between vertical |
| and a straight line to ‘Mecca’, latitude <i>lat0</i> on the prime meridian, |
| is the true bearing of Mecca. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>mecca</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> equally spaced vertical meridians<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>homing</font></tt> <i>lat0</i> distances to Mecca are true |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| Maps based on the spheroid. Of geodetic quality, these projections |
| do not make sense for tilted orientations. For descriptions, see |
| corresponding maps above. |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=5><td></table> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>sp_mercator<br> |
| sp_albers</font></tt> <i>lat0 lat1<br> |
| </i> |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>EXAMPLES </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>map perspective 1.025 −o 40.75 74<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| A view looking down on New York from 100 miles (0.025 of the 4000-mile |
| earth radius) up. The job can be done faster by limiting the map |
| so as not to ‘plot’ the invisible part of the world: <tt><font size=+1>map perspective |
| 1.025 −o 40.75 74 −l 20 60 30 100</font></tt>. A circular border can be forced |
| by adding option |
| <tt><font size=+1>−w 77.33</font></tt>. (Latitude 77.33° falls just inside a polar cap of opening |
| angle arccos(1/1.025) = 12.6804°.)<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>map mercator −o 49.25 −106 180<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| An ‘equatorial’ map of the earth centered on New York. The pole |
| of the map is placed 90° away (40.75+49.25=90) on the other side |
| of the earth. A 180° twist around the pole of the map arranges |
| that the ‘Prime Meridian’ of the map runs from the pole of the |
| map over the North Pole to New York instead of |
| down the back side of the earth. The same effect can be had from |
| <tt><font size=+1> map mercator −o 130.75 74<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>map albers 28 45 −l 20 50 60 130 −m states<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| A customary curved-latitude map of the United States.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>map harrison 2 30 −l −90 90 120 240 −o 90 0 0<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| A fan view covering 60° on either side of the Date Line, as seen |
| from one earth radius above the North Pole gazing at the earth’s |
| limb, which is 30° off vertical. The <tt><font size=+1>−o</font></tt> option overrides the default |
| <tt><font size=+1>−o 90 0 180</font></tt>, which would rotate the scene to behind the observer.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>FILES </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>/lib/map/[1−4]??</font></tt> World Data Bank II, for <tt><font size=+1>−f<br> |
| /lib/map/*</font></tt> maps for <tt><font size=+1>−m<br> |
| /lib/map/*.x</font></tt> map indexes<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>mapd</font></tt> Map driver program<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>SOURCE </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <tt><font size=+1>/usr/local/plan9/src/cmd/map<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>SEE ALSO </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| <a href="../man7/map.html"><i>map</i>(7)</a>, <a href="../man1/plot.html"><i>plot</i>(1)</a><br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>DIAGNOSTICS </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| ‘Map seems to be empty’--a coarse survey found zero extent within |
| the <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt> bounds; for maps of limited extent the grid resolution, |
| <i>res</i>, or the limits may have to be refined.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>BUGS </b></font><br> |
| |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td> |
| |
| Windows (option <tt><font size=+1>−w</font></tt>) cannot cross the Date Line. No borders appear |
| along edges arising from visibility limits. Segments that cross |
| a border are dropped, not clipped. Excessively large scale or |
| <tt><font size=+1>−d</font></tt> setting may cause long line segments to be dropped. <i>Map</i> tries |
| to draw grid lines dotted and <tt><font size=+1>−t</font></tt> tracks dot-dashed. As |
| very few plotting filters properly support curved textured lines, |
| these lines are likely to appear solid. The west-longitude-positive |
| convention betrays Yankee chauvinism. <i>Gilbert</i> should be a map |
| from sphere to sphere, independent of the mapping from sphere |
| to plane.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| <td width=20> |
| <tr height=20><td> |
| </table> |
| <!-- TRAILER --> |
| <table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=100%> |
| <tr height=15><td width=10><td><td width=10> |
| <tr><td><td> |
| <center> |
| <a href="../../"><img src="../../dist/spaceglenda100.png" alt="Space Glenda" border=1></a> |
| </center> |
| </table> |
| <!-- TRAILER --> |
| </body></html> |
