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| <tr><td width=20><td><b>9C(1)</b><td align=right><b>9C(1)</b> |
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| <br> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>NAME </b></font><br> |
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| 9c, 9a, 9l, 9ar – C compiler, assembler, linker, archiver<br> |
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| <p><font size=+1><b>SYNOPSIS </b></font><br> |
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| <tt><font size=+1>9c</font></tt> [ <tt><font size=+1>−I</font></tt> <i>path</i> ] [ <tt><font size=+1>−D</font></tt> <i>name</i> ] <i>file</i> ... |
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| <tt><font size=+1>9a</font></tt> <i>file</i> ... |
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| |
| <tt><font size=+1>9l</font></tt> [ <i>-o target</i> ] <i>object</i> ... [ <i>library</i> ... ] [ <tt><font size=+1>−L</font></tt><i>path</i> ... ] [ <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt><i>name</i> |
| ... ] |
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| <tt><font size=+1>9ar</font></tt> <i>key</i> [ <i>posname</i> ] <i>afile</i> [ <i>file</i> ... ]<br> |
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| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>DESCRIPTION </b></font><br> |
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| |
| These programs are shell scripts that invoke the appropriate standard |
| tools for the current operating system and architecture. One can |
| use them to write portable recipes for mkfiles. |
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| <i>9c</i> compiles the named C <i>files</i> into object files for the current |
| system. The system C compiler is invoked with warnings enabled. |
| The <tt><font size=+1>−I</font></tt> option adds <i>path</i> to the include path, and the <tt><font size=+1>−D</font></tt> option |
| defines <i>name</i> in the C preprocessor. <i>9c</i> always defines the symbol |
| <tt><font size=+1>PLAN9PORT</font></tt> defined in the C preprocessor and adds |
| <tt><font size=+1>$PLAN9/include</font></tt> to the include path. |
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| |
| <i>9c</i> also defines <tt><font size=+1>__sun__</font></tt> on SunOS systems and <tt><font size=+1>__Linux26__</font></tt> on Linux |
| systems with 2.6-series kernels. |
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| <i>9a</i> assembles the named files into object files for the current |
| system. Unlike some system assemblers, it does <i>not</i> promise to |
| run the C preprocessor on the source files. |
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| <i>9l</i> links the named object files and libraries to create the target |
| executable. Each <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> option specifies that a library named <tt><font size=+1>lib</font></tt><i>name</i><tt><font size=+1>.a</font></tt> |
| be found and linked. The <tt><font size=+1>−L</font></tt> option adds directories to the library |
| search path. <i>9l</i> invokes the system linker with <tt><font size=+1>$PLAN9/lib</font></tt> already |
| on the library search path. |
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| <i>9l</i> searches the named objects and libraries for symbols of the |
| form <tt><font size=+1>__p9l_autolib_</font></tt><i>name</i>, which it takes as indication that it |
| should link <tt><font size=+1>$PLAN9/lib/lib</font></tt><i>name</i><tt><font size=+1>.a</font></tt> as well. It also examines such |
| libraries to find their own dependencies. A single <tt><font size=+1>−l</font></tt> option at |
| the beginning of the command line disables this |
| behavior. The symbol <tt><font size=+1>__p9l_autolib_</font></tt><i>name</i> is added to an object |
| file by the macro <tt><font size=+1>AUTOLIB( name )</font></tt>, defined in <tt><font size=+1><u.h>.</font></tt> Header files |
| associated with libraries contain <tt><font size=+1>AUTOLIB</font></tt> annotations; ordinary |
| programs need not use them. Due to shortcomings in the implementation, |
| a source file may not contain the |
| same <tt><font size=+1>AUTOLIB</font></tt> statement multiple times. |
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| <i>9ar</i> maintains object file archives called libraries. The exact |
| set of valid command keys varies from system to system, but <i>9ar</i> |
| always provides the following key characters:<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>d</font></tt> Delete <i>files</i> from the archive file.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>r</font></tt> Replace <i>files</i> in the archive file, or add them if missing.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>t</font></tt> List a table of contents of the archive. If names are given, |
| only those files are listed.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>x</font></tt> Extract the named files. If no names are given, all files in |
| the archive are extracted. In neither case does <tt><font size=+1>x</font></tt> alter the archive |
| file.<br> |
| <tt><font size=+1>v</font></tt> Verbose. Give a file-by-file description of the making of a new |
| archive file from the old archive and the constituent files. With |
| <tt><font size=+1>t</font></tt>, give a long listing of all information about the files, somewhat |
| like a listing by <a href="../man1/ls.html"><i>ls</i>(1)</a>, showing<br> |
| |
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| <tt><font size=+1>mode uid/gid size date name<br> |
| </font></tt> |
| </table> |
| |
| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>c</font></tt> Create. Normally <i>9ar</i> will create a new archive when <i>afile</i> does |
| not exist, and give a warning. Option <tt><font size=+1>c</font></tt> discards any old contents |
| and suppresses the warning. |
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| When a <tt><font size=+1>d</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>r</font></tt>, or <tt><font size=+1>m</font></tt> <i>key</i> is specified, <i>9ar</i> inserts a table of contents, |
| required by the linker, at the front of the library. The table |
| of contents is rebuilt whenever the archive is modified.<br> |
| |
| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>EXAMPLES </b></font><br> |
| |
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| <tt><font size=+1>9c file1.c file2.c file3.c<br> |
| </font></tt> |
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| Compile three C source files.<br> |
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| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>9a file4.s<br> |
| </font></tt> |
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| Assemble one assembler source file.<br> |
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| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>9ar rvc lib.a file[12].o<br> |
| </font></tt> |
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| Archive the first two object files into a library.<br> |
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| </table> |
| <tt><font size=+1>9l −o prog file3.o file4.o lib.a<br> |
| </font></tt> |
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| Link the final two object files and any necessary objects from |
| the library into an executable.<br> |
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| </table> |
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| </table> |
| <p><font size=+1><b>SOURCE </b></font><br> |
| |
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| <tt><font size=+1>/usr/local/plan9/bin<br> |
| </font></tt> |
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